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Safety of the remote oil and gas production platform is vital. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) system ensures safe operations at remote platform by remote monitoring and control from main process complex. SCADA system at remote platform comprises of remote radio, field router, and remote telemetry unit (RTU). A frame work in designing fault tree for SCADA system at remote offshore oil and gas production platform presented in this research work. It is presented here to analyze the risk to SCADA system as it is available on corporate LAN. Appearing on internet exposed the SCADA system cyber security threats. Analysis of designed fault tree carried out by applying minimal cut sets (MCS) theorem. Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a failure analysis in which an undesired state of a system is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events. FTA is an effective technique to support probabilistic risk assessment; it can also be used as a valuable design tool. Minimal Cut Set is a set such that if any basic event is removed from it, the top event will not necessarily occur if all the remaining events in the cut set occur. MCS analysis performed to identify vulnerable faulty sub systems and their components. This analysis guides us to take appropriate action in advance to mitigate the any eventuality. Present analysis contributes directly in safety analysis. It is essential for human safety and preventing oil spill thus, contributing in environment protection.

ICS, SCADA System, DCS, CIs, RTU, TDMA, MTU, Remote Offshore Platform, Fault Tree Analysis, Minimal Cut Sets (MCS)

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M.V. V. Siva Prasad, P.S. Avadhani, "Remote Offshore Oil and Gas Platform SCADA System Fault Tree Design and Minimal Cut Sets Analysis," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.775-781, 2019.

Cloud computing implies to the delivery of information technology (IT) services which functions by retrieving the resources from the Internet; implementing various web-based tools and applications, in opposition to directly connecting to a server. In a nutshell, cloud computing works on the purpose of taking all the efforts involved in processing large quantities of data from the device carried around and moving that work to huge computer clusters far away in a virtual space. The internet becomes the virtual information space “THE CLOUD”, and all the data, work and applications are available from any device which when connected to the internet, anywhere in the world accesses it. Cloud computing is the provisioning of business computing model and providing multifarious facilities over the internet. Data that are looked over by third parties or other person at various remote locations can be assessed by individuals and various other business organizations through Cloud Computing applications. A cloud environment is categorized into computing clouds and data clouds.Task scheduling is considered to be the core feature and plays an important role in maintaining the quality of service in the cloud computing environment. The application of genetic algorithm in cloud computing task scheduler environment is a topic gaining popularity in the recent years. But, achieving an efficient task scheduling methodology is a major attribute for harnessing the potential of cloud computing applications in an effective manner. The objective of this paper is to discuss the application of heuristic algorithms; the use of GAs to minimize the total scheduling time and execution cost of tasks improves task completion time and maximize resource utilization in cloud computing framework by a task scheduler genetic algorithm.

Cloud Computing; Genetic Algorithm; Selection Operation; Crossover Operation; Task Scheduling; Mutation Operation; Fitness Function

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Srishti Garg, P. K. Chaurasia, "Application of Genetic Algorithms: Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.782-787, 2019.

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-organized system comprised by multiple mobile wireless nodes. The node misbehavior due to selfish reasons can significantly diminish the performance of MANET. A selfish node attempts to use the resources only for its own purpose and it hesitates to share the resources with their neighbors. So, it is very important to detect the selfish nodes to improve the performance of MANET. Initially, an architectural model of a MANET is constructed and the communication between the mobile is originated. The packet drop can happen in MANET due to the selfish node or network congestion. In this paper, a distributed global trust is presented to improvise the detection of selfish node in the network in MANET and then This paper studies the impact of selfish nodes concentration on the quality of service in MANETs. The main reason for using trust and reputation in this analysis is to accelerate the detection of misbehaving nodes. This study has been carried out in order to analyze the detection of selfish nodes on essential network functions such as routing and packet dropping. The simulation study demonstrate the proposed method enhances the selfish node detection ratio , packet delivery ratio(PDR), and average packet drop ratio, Quality of service.

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET); Selfish node; Route discovery; Route request (RREQ); Packet delivery ratio (PDR); Trust management, Reputation system, Quality of service

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R. Manikandan, R. Mangayarkarasi, "Evaluation to Perform a Scattered for Detecting Selfish Nodes in MANET using Collabrative Watchdog Algorithm," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.788-792, 2019.

IOT based Security systems are developed for keeping money safe. In this research objective is to provide more security to the physical wallet with reduced storage cost. The proposed model is capable to solve issues related to expenses and performance. Research is supposed to provide security at remote location without requirement of human attention with help of graphical processing. This research would establishment of cloud environment to host application. Implementation of frame capturing module works from two different dimensions to too boost the security. The size of captured frame sample would be reduced in order to save the storage space. Applying Edge detection mechanism would allow fetching only comparable information make system fast.

IOT, Edge Detection mechanism, camera surveillance

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Ritu Rani, Sanjeev Indora, "A Review: IoT Based Camera Surveillance System," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.793-800, 2019.

Human fingerprints are reliable characteristics for personnel identification as it is unique and persistence. Fingerprint biometric authentication is one of the challenging pattern Recognition problems. A Fingerprint pattern contains ridges, valleys and minutiae. Minutiae extraction is an important post-processing step of biometric fingerprint recognition system. The minutiae are key points and the main features of a fingerprint, with which you can compare one print with another. Generally minutiae extraction is carried out after different preprocessing stage like image enhancement and image thinning so image also contains large number of false minutia which can decrease the performance of the fingerprint recognition system. A novel algorithm of fingerprint minutia extraction is proposed in this paper: The algorithm work on the thinned binary image of the fingerprint, in order to eliminate the false minutiae.The implementation of research work is done in .Net platform using custom fingerprint database of 100 images of 25 users

Biometric, Fingerprint Recognition, Minutiae Extraction, Fingerprint Thinning, Fingerprint Enhancement

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Ronak B Patel, Dilendra Hiran, Jayesh M Patel, "An Algorithm for Fingerprint Minutiae Extraction," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.801-809, 2019.

In recent years Internet of Things (IoTs) concept has expanded in massive impetus due to very good Internet infrastructure everywhere. IoT has the ability to creating a network of physical things that use embedded technologies in order to sense, converse, cooperate, and team up with other things. IoT sets up sophisticated connectivity among physical things in order to make automation in specific areas. Several applications have been developed in all domains, based on IoT concepts, to collaborate with other physical things in order to achieve atomization in that area. This paper will focus on major applications of Internet of Things (IoTs) on various application domains. Internet of Things (IoTs) process is very complex in order to team up with other physical objects and deals with many challenges. This paper will also discuss with challenges of IoTs in various application domains.

Internet of Things (IoTs), Embedded Technologies, Data Analytics, Controllers, Connectivity

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[18] SESHADRI , A., P ERRIG , A., V AN D OORN , L., AND K HOSLA , P. Swatt(2004), Software-based attestation for embedded devices. In Security and Privacy, 2004. Proceedings. 2004 IEEE Symposium on , IEEE, pp. 272–282.
[19]S hancan g Li, Kewan g Zhan g (2008),Principle and application of wireless sensor network, China Machine Press .
[20] SIMMONDS , A., S ANDILANDS , P., AND V AN EKERT , L. (2004),An ontology for network security attacks.In Applied Computing . Springer, pp. 317–323.
[21] Vijayakannan Sermakani (2014), Transforming healthcare through Internet of Things, Project Management Practioner’s Conference.
[22] Yang Yang (2012), Research and Design of the teaching platform architecture based on IOT , IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.12 No.5, pages- 103-105.
[23] Zhao Xiaorong1, Fan Honghui1, Zhu Hongjin, Fu Zhongjun1,Fu Hanyu(2015), The Design of the Internet of ThingsSolution for Food Supply Chain, 5th International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Medicine
[24] Zhanlin Ji , Ivan Ganchev , Máirtín O’Droma , Li Zhao and Xueji Zhang(2014) , A Cloud-Based Car Parking Middleware for IoT-Based Smart Cities: Design and Implementation, Sensors 2014.
[25]ZHIBO PANG (2013), echnologies and Architectures of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) for Health and Well-being, Royal Institute of Technology, Doctoral Thesis in Electronic and Computer Systems, Stockholm, Sweden.

Dharmendra Patel1, Pranav Vyas, Atul Patel, "Major Domains of Internet of Things (IOTS) Based Applications and Associated Challenges," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.810-818, 2019.

MODLEACH is modified version of LEACH protocol, in this protocol, for every round, new cluster head is elected and hence new cluster formation is required. This paper gives the over view of Enhanced MODLEACH for cluster head selection. The data transfer in clusters among nodes depends upon the approach used, the intra cluster and inter cluster technique increases the network life. So this paper presents the data transfer techniques and clustering in MODLEACH protocol.

WSN, LEACH, MODLEACH, life time, cluster heads, Residual energy

[1] Pyush shaarma et al, “Enhancing MODLEACH using Multihop Cluster Heads as Forwarder Nodes” ijirs, Volume – 7 Issue -2 February 2018.
[2] Priyanka et al, “Enhanced MODLEACH Using Effective Energy Utilization Technique for Wireless Sensor Network “,International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science”, Volume 5 Issue 09 September 2016 .
[3] Mr. Santosh.Irappa.Shirol et al, “Advanced-LEACH Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network”, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4 Issue6- June 2013.
[4] Rajashree.V.Biradar Et Al, “Classification And Comparison Of Routing Protocols In Wireless Sensor Networks”, UbiCC Journal – Volume 4.
[5] Chunyao FU et al, ” An Energy Balanced Algorithm of LEACH Protocol in WSN”, International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 10, Issue 1, No 1, January 2013.
[6] I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su*, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci,” Wireless sensor networks: a survey”, Elsevier, Computer Networks 38, 393–422, 2002.
[7] S. Rani and S.H. Ahmed, Multi-hop Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks, Springer Briefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering.
[8] Jing, Yang, Li Zetao, and Lin Yi. "An improved routing algorithm based on LEACH for wireless sensor networks." Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), 25th Chinese. IEEE, 2013.
[9] Beiranvand, Zahra, Ahmad Patooghy, and Mahdi Fazeli. "I-LEACH: An efficient routing algorithm to improve performance & to reduce energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks." Information and Knowledge Technology (IKT), 5th Conference on. IEEE, 2013.
[10] Xu, Jia, Ning Jin, Xizhong Lou, Ting Peng, Qian Zhou, and Yanmin Chen. "Improvement of LEACH protocol for WSN.", In Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD), IEEE 9th International Conference on, pp. 2174-2177, 2012.

Manpreet Saini, Sukhbeer Singh, Neelam Chouhan, "Survey On Multihop Cluster Head Techniques in MODLEACH," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.819-821, 2019.

During recent years due to the technological advancements many sophisticated techniques has been evolved for assuring fast recovery of the patients in hospitals. For good patient care in hospitals, assessment and management of patient’s fluid in the drip is the most fundamental thing required. All most in all hospital, an assist/nurse is responsible for monitoring the fluid level continuously. But in the government hospitals due to the unavailability of enough number of nurses, observing this fluid is a great headache to the hospitals. Our smart drip using Arduino microcontroller will overcome the complications like infiltration, hematoma, air embolism, blood backup in tubing, extra vascular Injection, Intra-arterial Injection etc. It will detect the emptying of drip bag with the help of Ultrasonic sensor. To overcome this critical situation, we develop a smart drip using arduino with automatic alerting and indicating system is proposed where Ultrasonic sensor is used as a level sensor. Whenever the fluid becomes low, it will send an alert message to the nurse rooms and also nurses can monitor the LIVE level graph in their computer. This technology reduces the work of the nurse rather than keep on looking of an IV Fluid system. one of the best advantages of our project is that the ease interface with users that functionally can be managed by means of an alert message.

Arduino Microcontroller, Ultrasonic Sensor, Drip

[1] R.Vasuki, Dennis, HemPriya Changer, “An portable monitoring device of measuring drips rate by using an Intravenous (IV) set”, International Journal of Biotechnology Trends and Technology Vol. 1, Issue 3, No.4 2011.
[2] C.C.Gavimath, Krishnamurthy Bhat, C.C.Chayalakshmi, R.S.Hooli, B.E.Ravishankera “Design and Development of versatile saline flow rate measuring system and GSM based remote monitoring device”, International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Applications ISSN 0976-2639.
[3] R.Aravind, Syed Mustak Ahmed “Design of family health monitoring system using wireless communication”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 2, Issue 9, September 2013 [4] V.Ramya, B.Palaniappan, Anuradha Kumari “Embedded patient monitoring system” International Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications (IJESA) Vol.1, No.2,
December 2011
[5] D.Janani, J.Prathibanandhi, P.Meenakshi Vidya, K.S.Sujatha “Wireless Saline Bottle Level Indicator for Hospitals”, Compo soft an International Journal of Advanced computer Technology.
[6] Nakajima K., Osa A., Maekawa T. and Mike H. [1997]. “Evaluation of Body Motion by Optical Flow Analysis”, Japan Journal of Applied Physics, 36(5A), Part 1, 2929- 2937. [7] Cyber-Physical Medical and Medication Systems by Albert M. K. Cheng, 2008.
[8] Zhou Xiao, Li Jiaming, Pu Junjia, Yang Zhi, “The Design and implement of Mobile Remote Medical Ward System.” 2010.

[9] Nivedita Daimiwal, DipaliRamdasi, RevathiShriram, AsmitaWakankar, “Wireless Transfusion Supervision and Analysis Using Embedded System”.
[10] . Hung, Orlando R., Peter H. Gregson, and David C. Roach. "Fluid monitoring device." U.S. Patent No. 7,327,273. 5 Feb. 2008.

Amal Ajayan, V Sheeja Kumari, Fathima Abdul Rahim, Sooraj S, "Smart Drip Using Arduino Microcontroller," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.822-829, 2019.

Web search engines (e.g. Google, Yahoo, Microsoft Live Search, Bing, etc.) are mostly used to search certain information from a large amount of data in a very few amount of time. Aforementioned engines are built for all kind of people and not for any particular client that is, it gives generalized result for input query and not user specific result, to address this problem personalized web search is best way to increase the accuracy of web search in terms of giving user specific results. However, effective personalized web search requires gathering and aggregating user information (e.g. user name, contact no, etc), which often raises serious concerns of privacy infringement for many users. In fact, these privacy concerns have become one of the major reasons for deploying personalized web search applications and how to do privacy-preserving personalization is a great challenge. In this proposed system, we propose and try to resist adversaries with broader background knowledge, such as richer relationship among topics. Richer relationship means we generalize the user profile results by using the background knowledge which is going to store in history. Through this we are able to hide the user search results. By using this new mechanism, we can achieve the better privacy and improve better search quality results.

Data security, public server, SSM, PWS

[1] Ms. Suvarna A Veer, Rajani S. Sajjan Computer Science & Engineering Department, VVPIET, Solapur, India “Providing Privacy in Domain Specific Search with SSM and Cosine Similarity” www.jetir.org Volume 5, Issue 12 JETIR December2018,
[2] Mrs. Sharvari V. Malthankar , Prof. Shilpa Kolte PG Student, “Client side Privacy Protection Using Personalized Web Search” Elsevier Science direct 7th International Conference on Communication, Computing and Virtualization 2016
[3] S. Manek fmanek3@gmail.com Aishwarya J. Reddy Vaibhavu panchal Vijaya Pinjarkar Department of Information Technology K.J.Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Sion. Mumbai, Maharashtra, India vkhirodkar@somaiya.edu “Hybrid Crawling for Time-Based Personalized Web Search Ranking Foram” 978-1-5090-5686-6/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE
[4] Pratibha Rathod pratima.rathod15@gmail.com Smita Desmukh Information Technology, deshmukhsmita17@yahoo.com “A Personalized Mobile Search Engine based on User Preference” IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI-2017)
[5] Lidan Shou, He Bai, Ke Chen, and Gang Chen,“Supporting PrivacyProtection in Personalized Web Search”,IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering,vol.26,no.2,february 2014
[6] Sachin S. Kale1, Dattatray N. Udmale1, Anjali B. Navale1, Prerana S. Wagh1, Prof. Rahinj P.L2 B.E “Supporting Privacy Protection in Personalized Web Search, India International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering 2017
[7] Brahmaji Katragadda, 2Sk.Meera “Supporting Privacy Protection in Personalized Web Search” Journal of Science and Technology (JST) Volume 2, Issue 7, July 2017
[8] Anoj Kumar anoj.kr@hotmail.com Mohd. Ashraf ashraf.saifee@gmail.com “Personalized Web Search Engine using Dynamic User Profile and Clustering Techniques” 978- 9-3 805-4416-8/15/$31. 00 c2 01 5 IEEE
[9] K R Remesh Babua,Philip Samuelb, “Concept Networks for Personalized Web Search Using Genetic Algorithm” International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies 2016
[10] Kamlesh Makvana, Pinal Shah, Parth Shah, kamleshmakvana.it@charusat.ac.in, parthshah.ce@charusat.ac.in pinalshah.it@charusat.ac.in “A Novel Approach to Personalize Web Search through User Profiling and Query Reformulation” 978-1-4799-4674-7/14/$31.00©2014 IEEE
[11] V.Ramya, S.Gowthami “ENHANCE PRIVACY SEARCH IN WEB SEARCH ENGINE USING GREEDY ALGORITHM” International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882 Volume 3, Issue 8, November 2014
[12] Zhan Su, Byung-Ryul Ahn, Ki-yol Eom, Min-koo Kang, Jin-Pyung Kim, Moon-Kyun Kim Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Sungkyunkwan Cheoncheon dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Korea “Plagiarism Detection Using the Levenshtein Distance and Smith-Waterman Algorithm” The 3rd Intetnational Conference on Innovative Computing Information and Control (ICICIC`08) 978-0-7695-3161-8/08 $25.00 © 2008 IEEE
[13] Alfirna Rizqi Lahitani1, Adhistya Erna Permanasari, Noor Akhmad Setiawan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada “Cosine Similarity to Determine Similarity Measure: Study Case in Online Essay Assessment” ACM 2011
[14] ZHENGHUA XU1 , OANA TIFREA-MARCIUSKA2 , THOMAS LUKASIEWICZ1 ,MARIA VANINA MARTINEZ3 , GERARDO I. SIMARI3 , and CHENG CHEN “Lightweight Tag-Aware Personalized Recommendation on the Social Web Using Ontological Similarity” 4 2169-3536 (c) 2018 IEEE
[15] Yayuan Tang 1;2 , Hao Wang 3 , Kehua Guo 2;4 , Yizhe Xiao 2 , Tao Chi “Relevant Feedback Based Accurate and IntelligentRetrieval on Capturing User Intention for Personalized Websites” 2169-3536 (c) 2018 IEEE
[16] Mohammad Mustaneer Rahman, and Nor Aniza Abdullah, “A Personalised Group-Based Recommendation Approach for Web Search in E-Learning” IEEE 2169-3536 (c) 2018 IEEE.
[17] Puxuan Yu Wuhan University Wuhan, China pxyuwhu@gmail.com Wasi Uddin Ahmad wasiahmad@ucla.edu “Hide-n-Seek: An Intent-aware Privacy Protection Plugin for Personalized Web Search” 18, July 8-12, 2018, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Italy. 2016 ACM. ISBN 978-1-4503-4069-4/16/07
[18] Gerard Deepak, B. N. Shwetha, C. N. Pushpa, J. Thriveni & K. R. Venugopal “A hybridized semantic trust-based framework for personalized web page recommendation” International Journal of Computers and Applications ISSN: 1206-212X (Print) 1925-7074
[19] Najneen Tamboli, Sathish Kumar “Review on Privacy Preservation in Personalized Web Search” International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 11, November 2015
[20] Avi Arampatzis, George Drosatos and Pavlos S. Efraimidis, “A Versatile Tool for Privacy -Enhanced Web Searc” Xant hi 67 100, Greece Springer- Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
[21] B. SekharBabu, P. Lakshmi Prasanna, D. Rajeswara Rao, J. LakshmiAnusha, A. Pratyusha and A. Ravi Chand, “PROFILE BASED PERSONALIZED WEB SEARCH USING GREEDY ALGORITHMS” MAY 2016 ISSN 1819-6608 ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
[22] M. Spertta and S. Gach, “Personalizing Search Based on User Search Histories,” Proc. IEEE/WIC/ACM Int’l Conf. Web Intelligence (WI), 2005.
[23] Hina Ansari Mahakal Institute of Technology, Ujjain “Issues and Challenges in Measuring Security Threats During Personalized Web Search” , Volume-3, Issue-6 ISSN: 2320-7639, IJSRCSE, 2015

Rajani S. Sajjan, Suvarna A. Veer, "Providing Privacy in Profile Based Personalized Web Search," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.830-836, 2019.

The Printed circuit board (PCB) is one of the crucial components of the electronics industry. An automated visual inspection system is required to provide a fast and quantitative assessment of PCB, since manual defect detection system is not efficient and time-consuming. Machine vision technology is an alternative to manual inspections and measurements with the help of high-resolution digital camera and image processing. This paper presents the various possible defects in PCB that can affect the working of electronic gadgets. Major defects are classified mainly under Fatal and Potential that can be detected mainly by any of the three approaches as Referential, Non-referential, and, Hybrid to find out defects present in PCB. After a comparative study of these methods, we have tried to find out the significantly fast and accurate method.

PCB, Automated Visual inspection, Machine Vision, Image processing, Referential, Non-referential, Hybrid approach

[1] M. Kumar, N. Kumar, M. Kumar, Ajay Kumar Vishwakarma, “A Novel Approach of Standard Data Base Generation for Defect Detection in Bare PCB”, in the IEEEinternational conference on ICCCA, 2015, pp. 11-15, 2015.
[2] M. Kumar, M. Kumar, G. Kumar, “PCB Image Enhancement using Machine Vision for Effective Defect Detection”, international Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) Vol-1, Issue-3, pp.50-53, Aug- 2014.
[3] A. eohong, Z.B. Ibrahim, S. Ramli, “Computer machine vision inspection on Printed Circuit Board flux defects”, American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Science Publication, Vol-6, Issue-3, pp.263-273, 2013.
[4] Y. hanlin, W. jun., “Automatic detection method of Circuit Boards defect based on partition enhanced matching”, Information Technology Journal, Vol-11, pp.2256-2260, 2013.
[5] T.J. Mateo Sanguino and M.S. Rodriguez, “Computer-Aided System for Defect Inspection in the PCB Manufacturing Process”, In the 16th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, pp. 151-156. 2012.
[6] Z. Li, Q. Yang, “System design for PCB defects detecion based on AOI technology”, In IEEE, International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, Vol-4, pp.1988-1992, 2011.
[7] F. Guo, S. Guan,” Research of the Machine Vision Based PCB Defect Inspection System”, In IEEE International Conference on Intelligence Science and Information Engineering, pp. 472-475, 2011.
[8] S. Guan, F. Guo, “A New Image Enhancement Algorithm for PCB Defect Detection”, In IEEE International Conference on Intelligence Science and Information Engineering, pp.454-456 2011.
[9] Z. Ibrahim, N.K. Khalid, I. Ibrahim, M.S. Zainal Abidin, M.M. Mokji, S. A. Rahman Syed Abu Bakar,” A noise elimination procedure for Printed Circuit Board inspection system” In the 2nd IEEE Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation, pp. 332-33, 2008.
[10] S. Mashohor, J.R. Evans, A.T. Erdogan “Automatic Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Based Printed Circuit Board Inspection” In the IEEE NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems, pp. 390-400, 2006.
[11] Z. Ibrahim , S.A.R Al-Attas, O. Ono, and M.M. Mokji, “A noise elimination procedure for Wavelet-Based Printed Circuit Board inspection system”, Asian Control Conference, pp. 875-880, 2004
[12] J.J. Hong, K.J. Park, K.G. Kim “Parallel Processing Machine Vision System for Bare PCB Inspection”, In IECON`98, Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Vol. 3, pp. 1346-1350, 1998.
[13] M. Moganti., F. Ercal, S. Tsunekaw,“Automatic PCB inspection algorithms: A Survey”, Computer vision and image understanding, Vol.63, pp. 287–313, 1996.
[14] T.S. Newman, A.K. Jain,“A Survey of Automated Visual inspection”, Computer vision and image understanding, Vol. 61, pp. 231-262,1995.
[15] Y. Hara., N. Akiyana, and K. Kaasaki , “Automatic inspection system for Printed Circuit Boards”, IEEE Transactions on pattern analysis and Machine intelligence, Vol. 6, pp. 623-630, 1983.
[16] F.R. Leta, F.F. Feliciano, F.P. Martins “Computer vision system for Printed Circuit Board inspection”, ABCM Symposium Series in Mechatronics, Volume 3, pp. 623-632, 2008.

Mukesh Kumar, Manjesh kumar, "A Survey on Various Approaches of Automatic Optical Inspection for PCB Defect Detection," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.7, Issue.6, pp.837-841, 2019.