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This paper presents the comparison of three controller tuning techniques for a Temperature Control process. The controller tuning techniques include Zeigler-Nichols (Z-N), Wang-Juang-Chan (W-J-C) and Internal Model Control based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (IMC-PID) controller. The FOPDT model for the Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHX) is first obtained by first principles. The first principles model is developed using the energy balance equation of the STHX system. Then the above said tuning techniques are applied to the STHX system. The purpose of these tuning techniques is to regulate the hot water outlet temperature to a desired value by manipulating the cold water flow rate. Finally, the performances of the tuning techniques are validated with the help of performance error indices such as ISE, IAE, ITAE, and ITSE.

STHX, FOPDT, Z-N, W-J-C, IMC-PID, ISE, IAE, ITAE, ITSE

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[8] Amit Kumar, K.K Garg, ‘Comparison of various PID Controllers Tuning Methodologies for Heat Exchanger Model’, International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, Vol. 3, No.04, pp. 1800-1802, 2015.
[9] Finn Haugen, ‘Comparing PI Tuning Methods in a Real Benchmark Temperature Control System’, Modeling, Identification and Control, Vol. 31, No. 3, 2010, pp. 79-91, 2010.
[10] A. Sahoo, T.K. Radhakrishnan and C. Sankar Rao, ‘Modeling and control of a real time shell and tube heat exchanger’, Resource-Efficient Technologies- Elsevier, pp. 124-132, 2017.
[11] Sumit, Kajal, ‘Review Paper on Comparison of various PID Controllers Tuning Methodologies for Heat Exchanger Model’, International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM), Vol.5, No.6, pp. 77-83, 2017.
[12] Mohammad Shahrokhi and Alireza Zomorrodi, ‘Comparison of PID Controller Tuning Methods’.
[13] Satya Sheel and Omhari Gupta, ‘New Techniques of PID Controller Tuning of a DC Motor—Development of a Toolbox’, International Journal of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering – MIT Publications, Vol.2, No.2 pp. 65-69, 2012.
[14] Dingyü Xue, Yang Quan Chen and Derek P. Atherton, ‘Linear Feedback Control Analysis and Design with MATLAB’, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), Philadelphia, p. 205.
[15] Wayne Bequette, ‘Process Control - Modeling, Design, and Simulation’, Prentice – Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, pp. 294-296, 2008.

S. Abirami, S. Sivagamasundari, "Comparison of Controller Tuning Techniques for A Temperature Control of STHX Process," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.316-320, 2018.

In modern era of communication there is lot of information exchange and every one need more and more secure communication. In order to provide secure communication stenography is widely used. The present paper provides conceptual framework on stenography that became basis for secure communication. Stenography is process of hiding secret information in any other message and provide secures communications. It consists of cover, hiding process, and un-hiding process along with channel on sender and receiver side. Stenography is implemented with the use of secret data in files. In first phase concept of stenography has been discussed & represents definition of stenography, working of stenography respectively. Existing research and benefits of stenography have been discussed in second phase respectively. Discussion has been made on designing techniques of stenography in order to enhance security. Next phase is considering challenges to existing researches have been explored in this paper. Such analysis would be beneficial to consider better enhancement in existing security mechanism. As there would be more probability of advance research if limitations of existing work is considered. At end of research in Last phase scope of research has been discussed.

Steganography, Encryption, Decryption, Encoder, Decoder

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Monika, "Information Security Using Steganography: A Review," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.321-324, 2018.

In health concern business, data mining plays a significant task for predicting diseases. Mining association rule is one of the interesting topics in data mining which is used to generate frequent itemsets. It was first proposed for market basket analysis. Apriori algorithm is a classical algorithm of association rule mining and widely used for generating frequent item sets. This classical algorithm is inefficient due to so many scans of database. When the database is large, it will take too much time to scan the database and may produce a larger number of candidate item sets. To overcome these limitations, researchers have made a lot of improvements to the Apriori. In this paper, the authors proposed a method to predict the heart disease through frequent itemsets. Frequent itemsets are generated based on the chosen symptoms and minimum support value. The extracted frequent itemsets help the medical practitioner to make diagnostic decisions. The aim of our proposed technique is to obtain the frequent symptoms and evaluate the performance of new technique and compare with the existing classical Apriori with support count.

Apriori, Frequent Diseases, Medical Data, Fuzzy Set, Fuzzy Intersection

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[19] XIAO Bo, XU Qian-Fang, LIN Zhi-Qing, GUO Jun, LI Chun-Guang “Credible Association Rule and Its Mining Algorithm Based on Maximum Clique[J]”. In: Journal of Software. (10): 2597-2610, 2018.
[20] Vaibhav Jain, “Evaluating and Summarizing Students’s Feed Back Using Opinion Mining”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science and Engineering. Vol.1.Issue 1. Jan-Feb 2013.
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V. Vijayalakshmi, "Predicting Heart-Diseases from Medical Dataset Through Frequent Itemsets Using Improved Algorithm," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.325-331, 2018.

The Requirement Engineering phase begins with inception and elicitation of functional, non functional requirements and concludes iteratively with modeling and specification. Requirement Engineering demands the coarse level of requirement specification by primary objectives, design constraints and appropriate artifacts of a system. In system development life cycle (SDLC), a system model is analysed and developed using Data Flow Diagram (DFD). DFD is graphical diagram for analyzing, specifying, creating and visualizing the model of a system. The formal requirement analysis and specification method like DFD experiences the problem of ambiguity with different notation and complex graphical presentation. This paper introduces DFD Schema; an XML based versatile specification approach for the structural representation of DFD of a system. Its definition was motivated by lack of available structured and open formats that describe data flow of system with its artifacts. This schema can be used in an interoperable way to transfer data flow requirements.

Requirement Engineering, System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), Data Flow Diagram, DFDS, Data Flow Diagram Schema, XML

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T.R. Shah, "DFD Schema: A versatile approach for XML based representation of DFD," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.332-338, 2018.

In this work, we explain a framework for early detection of diseases in wheat crops from visual symptoms. We target wheat crops owing to their extensive use in the Indian subcontinent. Existing literature lists several algorithms that can be used in detection, classification, and quantification of crop diseases by analysis images. However, the evaluation process is tedious, time consuming and more over very much subjective. Infrastructure for image acquisition, communication, and processing is lacking in rural areas owing to lesser technological penetration. In this work, we will develop a user-friendly IoT reference architecture to provide on-field disease detection and prediction using cloud analytics.

IOT, Image Processing, Wheat Crops, Disease

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Rashmi Ranjan, Mehajabeen Fatima, "Survey Paper on IOT and Image Processing Based Crop Disease Identification System," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.339-342, 2018.

Hash methods are useful for number of tasks and have attracted large attention in recent times. They proposed different approaches to capture the similarities between text and images. Most of the existing work uses bag-of-words method to represent text information. Since words with different format may have same meaning, the similarities of the semantic text cannot be well worked out in these methods. To overcome these challenges, a new method called Semantic Cross Media Hashing (SCMH) is proposed that uses the continuous representations of words which captures the semantic textual similarity level and uses a Deep Belief Network (DBN) to build the correlation between different modes. In this method we use Skip-gram algorithm for word embedding, Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT) descriptor to extract the key points from the images and MD5 algorithm for hash code generation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, it is necessary to consider data sets that are basic. Experimental results shows that the proposed method achieves significantly better results as well as the effectiveness of the proposed method is similar or superior to other hash methods.

Fisher Vector, Ranking, Semantic Hashing Method, Skip Gram, Word Embedding

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P.T. Jadhav, S.B. Sonkamble, "Efficient Mixed Generative Using Semantic Cross Media Hashing Methods," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.243-246, 2018.

In the era of Internet of Things, sensors and actuators equipped embedded devices are seamlessly connected over internet using TCP/IP stack to enable various M2M applications and services for users. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a connection oriented protocol in Transport layer of OSI providing guaranteed service for various Internet of things (IoT) applications like HTTP, MQTT and CoAP (over TCP RFC 8323). Further, Congestion Avoidance and Control mechanism implemented in TCP makes it more adaptive to various network conditions. It is imperative to design an IoT network cluster aided with a reliable transport layer TCP for sending sensor data to a cloud server or to control actuators using HTTP Representational state transfer (REST) APIs. In this paper, three network performance matrices namely Throughput, End-to-End delay and Packet deliver ratio (PDR) are considered to evaluate the performance of TCP Tahoe, Reno and New-Reno in multiple network clusters designed for IoT applications. QualNet® 6.1 network simulator is used to simulate scalable wired (IEEE 802.3 Ethernet) and wireless (IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN) IoT network clusters. From the perspective of this paper, multiple test cases of IoT network clusters are considered to analyze the performance of TCP variants with a scalable approach by varying node density and by varying Maximum Segment Size (MSS).

TCP, IoT, Cluster, Congestion Control, Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, QualNet®

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Ayaskanta Mishra, "Performance Analysis of TCP Tahoe, Reno and New Reno for Scalable IoT Network Clusters in QualNet® Network Simulator," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.347-355, 2018.

In most of the recent works pertaining to crime analysis traditional hard clustering techniques are seen to be applied for obtaining the intensity of crime in a particular region. Such clustering techniques which are based on crisp set theory are unable to deal with partial belongingness and as a result it is not possible to find regions partially belonging to multiple clusters with different crime intensities. Keeping this limitation of hard clustering techniques in view we will apply a fuzzy clustering technique which can deal the situations pertaining to partial belongingness, on a dataset of crime against women to reveal some important patterns in it.

fuzzy clustering, crime against women, YFCM, FCM, patterns

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S. Das, A. Das, A.U. Islam, "Finding Patterns in Crime Against Women Using a Fuzzy Clustering Technique," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.356-363, 2018.

Immediately Advent of new technologies, such as content centric networking, IoT, smart grids, vehicular networks, machine to machine communication and smart application encourages the researchers to build autonomous, intelligent and self-organizing wireless sensor networks to preserve efficiency and maximize network lifetime. Clustering is considered as one of the most effective method for energy preservation and increasing network up time and it also come with challenges i.e.; selecting optimal nodes to be part of a cluster, fault tolerance and selecting cluster head for every cluster. To make self-organizing WSN, it is necessary to dynamically choose cluster head (CH) in case of accidental or natural death of CH also for preserving energy and mitigating network partitioning. This paper presents a short survey on various lifetime maximizing techniques, self-organization models and also proposed an protocol named IE protocol for selecting cluster head node initially also at the time of node failure to maximize network lifespan and palliate the network partitioning issue in WSN. We have evaluated performance of proposed protocol with previously proposed protocol like LEACH for WSN and NDN-WSN.

Clustering, Energy consumption, Sensor nodes, LEACH, IE protocol, Wireless sensor networks, Name data Networking

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V. P. Singh, R. L. Ujjwal, "Interim Election Protocol for Selecting Cluster Head to Mitigate Network Partitioning in NDN WSN," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.364-373, 2018.

This paper is motivated by the potential of multi input multi output (MIMO) frameworks to accomplish high speed data rate demand of future generation wireless systems because these are capable of mitigating multipath fading effect without increased spectral bandwidth. This paper is generalized to the case of 2 antennas at both sides For separating spatially multiplexed information ZF and MMSE and ML detectors have been used so that goal of information gathering maximizes at receiver end. ZF and MMSE identifiers are used if system complexity is issue or ML is used if BER performance is to be considered. No feedback is required from receiver to transmitter in this methodology. In this paper BER execution of 2*2 MIMO framework with different detectors at the beneficiary side has been evaluated under Rayleigh blurring channel, which is usually a case of no line of sight. These frameworks are implemented by using MATLAB, which gives us performance comparison between 2*2 MIMO framework with different detectors and classical maximal ratio combining scheme.

Multi input multi output (MIMO), Bit error rate (BER), Binary phase shift keying (BPSK), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Zero forcing (ZF), Minimum mean square error (MMSE), Signal to noise ratio (SNR), Rayleigh channel

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M. Vashishth, N.S. Beniwal, "Impact on BER of Different Detectors for 2*2 MIMO System under Rayleigh Channel," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.374-378, 2018.