Open Access   Article Go Back

Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques

N. Bhandari1 , G. Kaur2

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal Paper
Volume-4 , Issue-9 , Page no. 96-102, Sep-2016

Online published on Sep 30, 2016

Copyright © N. Bhandari, G. Kaur . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View
PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

  • IEEE Citation
  • MLA Citation
  • APA Citation
  • BibTex Citation
  • RIS Citation

IEEE Style Citation: N. Bhandari, G. Kaur, “Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques,” International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.4, Issue.9, pp.96-102, 2016.

MLA Style Citation: N. Bhandari, G. Kaur "Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques." International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering 4.9 (2016): 96-102.

APA Style Citation: N. Bhandari, G. Kaur, (2016). Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques. International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, 4(9), 96-102.

BibTex Style Citation:
@article{Bhandari_2016,
author = {N. Bhandari, G. Kaur},
title = {Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques},
journal = {International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering},
issue_date = {9 2016},
volume = {4},
Issue = {9},
month = {9},
year = {2016},
issn = {2347-2693},
pages = {96-102},
url = {https://www.ijcseonline.org/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=1061},
publisher = {IJCSE, Indore, INDIA},
}

RIS Style Citation:
TY - JOUR
UR - https://www.ijcseonline.org/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=1061
TI - Colorization of Grayscale Images Using KPE and LBG Vector Quantization Techniques
T2 - International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering
AU - N. Bhandari, G. Kaur
PY - 2016
DA - 2016/09/30
PB - IJCSE, Indore, INDIA
SP - 96-102
IS - 9
VL - 4
SN - 2347-2693
ER -

VIEWS PDF XML
1517 1382 downloads 1362 downloads
  
  
           

Abstract

Colorization is a practice of adding colors to gray scale images and videos. This research aims at replacing each pixel value of grayscale image by the required color pixel value. Adding colors to grayscale images makes them more attractive and observable. It is easy for human visual system to recognize color information more proficiently as compared to gray information. Automation of this process is very important as manual colorization takes a lot of time and effort. In the proposed method, Kekre�s Proportionate Error (KPE) codebook is used and five different vector quantization (VQ) codebook sized alias 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512 are considered. By using eight different color models: RGB, Kekre�s LUV, YCbCr, YUV, YIQ, and Kekre�s Biorthogonal color models and five VQ codebooks, total 40 versions of proposed colorization method are found. Testing is done on 30 images of different classes and results are compared with the existing method of LBG based image coloring. It is observed that the use of higher codebook sizes and YCbCr color model enhances the colorization.

Key-Words / Index Term

Colorization; Codebook; VQ; LBG; KPE; Color Model

References

[1] Ambika Kalia, Balwinder Singh, �Colorization of Grayscale Images: An Overview�, Journal of Global Research in Computer Science, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 34-37, August 2011.
[2] Ami A. Shah, Mitika Gandhi, Kalpesh M Shah, �Medical Image Colorization using Optimization Technique�, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, vol. 3, issue 3, March 2013.
[3] H.B.Kekre, Sudeep D. Thepade, Nikita Bhandari, �Colorization of Grayscale Images using Kekre�s Biorthogonal Color Spaces and Kekre�s Fast Codebook Generation�, CSC Advances in Multimedia- An International Journal (AMIJ), vol. 1, issue 3, pp. 48-58, December 2011.
[4] Sudeep D. Thepade , Padale Supriya, Atul Pawar, �Performance Comparison of Color Spaces in Thepade`s Transform Error Vector Rotation Algorithms of Vector Quantization for Grayscale Image Colorization with Slant and Hartley transforms�, IEEE Conference on Industrial Instrumentation and Control (ICIC), pp. 400-405, May 2015.
[5] H. B. Kekre, Sudeep D. Thepade, �Color Traits Transfer to Grayscale Images�, First International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, IEEE Conference, pp. 82-85, July 2008.
[6] H. B. Kekre, Dhirendra Mishra, Rakhee S. Saboo, �Comparison of image fusion techniques in RGB & Kekre`s LUV color space�, Futuristic Trends on Computational Analysis and Knowledge Management (ABLAZE), IEEE Conference, pp. 114-120, Feb 2015.
[7] Sudeep D. Thepade, Vandana Mhaske, Vedant Kurhade, �New Clustering Algorithm for Vector Quantization using Slant Transform�, Emerging Trends and Applications in Computer Science (ICETACS), IEEE Conference, pp. 161-166, Sept 2013.
[8] Bang Huang, Linbo Xie, �An Improved LBG Algorithm for Image Vector Quantization�, Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT), vol. 6, 3rd IEEE International Conference, pp. 467- 471, July 2010.
[9] Dr.H.B.Kekre & Tanuja K. Sarode, �Two-level Vector Quantization Method for Codebook Generation using Kekre�s Proportionate Error Algorithm�, International Journal of Image Processing, vol. 4, issue 1, Jan 2010.
[10] Dr. H. B. Kekre, Dr. Sudeep D. Thepade, Dr. Tanuja K. Sarode, Ms. Nikita Bhandari, �Colorization of Grayscale Images using LBG VQ Codebook for different Color Spaces�, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), vol. 1, issue 4, pp.1274-1283, Feb 2011.