In this wireless era there is an exponential increase in wireless devices but the spectrum availability for these devices has become very less. Some additional spectrum band for these devices is required to make communication possible. To clear this spectrum demand the cognitive user access the unused licensed frequency band, when the band is free. The cognitive users may utilize unused channel till the band is occupied by primary user. In this paper, A MATLAB based simulation is carried out to appraise the detection performances of cognitive radio .The spectrum sensing in non fading Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) environment and different fading scenarios such as Rayleigh, , Rican, Log normal shadowing Weibull and Hyot fading environment using energy detection technique are carried out. The performance analysis of energy detector designed for Average Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and different fading parameters are analyzed in provisions of Probability of missed detection (Pm) and Probability of false alarm (Pf).The spectrum sensing is analyzed by comparing the performances of various wireless fading channels.

Spectrum Sensing, Energy detection Wireless Fading channels, Receiver operating curve

[1] Federal Communications Commission, “Spectrum policy task force report, (ET Docket No. 02-135),” Nov. 2002. [Online]. Available: hraunfoss. fcc.gov/edocspublic/attachmatch/DOC-228542A1.pdf.
[2] S. Haykin, “Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications,” IEEE J. Select. Areas Communication, vol. 23, pp. 201-220, Feb. 2005.
[3] Mahmood A. Abdulsattar and Zahir A. Hussein, “Energy detection technique for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio”: A survey, in International journal of computer networks & communications (IJCNC) vol.4, no.5, September 2012.
[4] S D. Cabric, S. M. Mishra, and R. W. Brodersen, “Implementation issues in spectrum sensing for cognitive radios,” in Proc. of Asilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Nov. 7-10, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 772–776.
[5] F. F. Digham, M.-S. Alouini and M. K. Simon, “On the energy detection of unknown signals over fading channels,” in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC’03), pp. 3575– 3579, May 2003.
[6] H. Urkowitz, “Energy detection of unknown deterministic signals,” Proceedings of IEEE, vol. 55, pp. 523–231, April 1967.
[7] C.E. Shannon, “Communication in the presence of noise,” proc. IRE, vol. 37, pp. 10-21, January 1949.
[8] A. Ghasemi and E. S. Sousa, “Collaborative spectrum sensing for opportunistic access in fading environments,” in Proc. of 1st IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, Baltimore, USA, Nov. 8-11, 2005, pp. 131-136.
[9] Jiaqi Duan and Yong Li, “Performance analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing in different fading channels,” in Proc. IEEE Interantional conference on Computer Engineering and Technology (ICCET’10), pp.v3-64-v3-68, June 2010.
[10] S. Nallagonda, S. Suraparaju, S. D. Roy, and S. Kundu, “Performance of energy detection based spectrum sensing in fading channels,” in Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Computer and Communication Technology (ICCCT ’11), pp. 575–580, Allahabad, India, September 2011.