Volume-07 , Special Issue-18 , May - 2019 Go Back

Structures must be designed to resist a variety of loads. Some of the loads are static (e.g., gravity and snow loads) while others are dynamic (e.g., wind and earthquake loads). Every structure is a complex system. So during dynamic analysis initially simplify this structure into single degree of freedom system. The present research work will be focused on parametric study of single degree of freedom systems with theoretical validation based on the principles of structural dynamics. Generally responses are easy to determine for periodic forcing function but are quite complicated and cumbersome if the forcing function become arbitrary. In such case numerical integration techniques are adopted. Duhamel integral method finds very useful application in this regard. The present work will be directed in determining the response of a single degree of freedom system under different types of arbitrary forcing functions. Models representing single degree of freedom systems with known characteristic and specifications will be tested using the shake table. Different periodic and aperiodic forcing functions will be fed into the controller and the response of the model to such excitation will be noted and plotted using the software available with the shake table. The theoretical responses will be developed using Duhamel integral method for aperiodic vibration. Comparisons of these results will be performed to validate the experimental work.

Duhamel Integral, SDOF System, Shake Table, Structural Dynamics

[1] Y. Chen et al, “Consequence of Experimental Modelling for Seismic Response of a Multi-Storey Structure”, Ninth Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, pp. 14-16, Auckland, New Zealand, April 14-16, 2011.
[2] T. Trombetti et al, “Shake Table Testing of Symmetric and Asymmetric Three-Storey Steel Frame Structures”, 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, August 1- 6, 2004.
[3] A. K. Chopra, “Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Application to Earthquake Engineering”, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, Inc. 2013.
[4] R. W. Clough and J. Penzien, “Dynamics of Structures”, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. Second Edition, 2015.
[5] A. K. Jain, “Dynamics of Structures with MATLAB Application”, 1st Edition, Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd., 2016.
[6] T. K. Sen, “Fundamentals of Seismic Loading on Structures”, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2009.

S. Saha, M. Mondal, S. Bhanja, T. K. Dey, "Parametric Evaluation of Responses on Single Degree of Freedom System", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.121-124, 2019.

The Main Objective Of This Study Is To Investigate The Weight Of Total Required Reinforcement In A Building With Respect To Its Aspect Ratio. The Aspect Ratio Of The Building Is The Ratio Between Its Length And Breath. Thus The Main Objective Of This Project Is To Determine At Which Aspect Ratio The Steel Present In The Building Design Will Be A Cost Effective Approach. The Results Obtained For Three Building Designs Is Compared With Each Other And A Final Graph Is Plotted So That The Variation Of The Weight Of Reinforcement Can Be Clearly Distinct. So For This Reason The Reinforcements Present In The Slabs , Beams And Columns Are Being Calculated As Per The Intensity Of The Load Coming On Each Sections. So To Achieve This A Fixed Area Is Considered And All Of The Total Steel Present In The Superstructure Of The Building Is Estimated. As A Reason Of This The Aspect Ratio Of The Buildings Plays A Vital Role To Calculate The Required Weight Of Steel In The Building By Comparing It With The Aspect Ratio Graph Plotted.

Component, Formatting, Style, Styling, Insert (key words)

[1]. I.S.456 : 2000
[2]. SP 16 :
[3]. I.S. 800: 2007
[4]. I.S. 13920: 1993
[5]. Kishor s.Sable,IJEIT Vol.2, Issue 1, July 2012
[6]. MadhuriK.Rathi,IJEIT Vol.2,Issue1,July 2012
[7]. Microsoft excel 2007

S. Halder, L. S. Maity, S. Sk, S.Basu, A.Roy, B.K. Ghosh, S. Majumder, "Optimum Design of Multi-Storeyed Building With Respect to Aspect Ratio", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.125-127, 2019.

At present we are having grass cutter machines that controls manually by humans and after cutting grasses, again they have to give their efforts to collect the grasses from the field. The machines which are used to cut grasses are operated on diesel, which is a wastage of natural resources. So we make a machine that cut the grasses and at the same time it collects all the grasses by vacuum cleaner. The machine is operated on battery which is charged by using solar cell. The main features of the machine are, it is control by mobile phone and if there is any obstacle in front of the machine while cutting grasses then the machine automatically create a beep sound. From time immemorial, the sun has been the major source of energy for life on earth. The solar energy was being used directly for purposes like drying clothes, curing agricultural produce, preserving food articles, etc. Even today, the energy we originate from fuel-wood, petroleum, paraffin, hydroelectricity and even our food originates obliquely from sun. Solar energy is almost unbounded. So here in our machine we used a energy source which never ends.

Blade, Vacuum cleaner, Battery, Solar cell, Arduino, Bluetooth module, Ultrasonic sensor, Buzzer, Dc motors, Wheels, Wiper motors

[1]. Pansire, D.G. “Self-propelled Self-guiding Lawn Mower.” U.S. Patent 4, 1980, 180,964.
[2]. Reid, J.F., Zhang. Q., Noguchi, N., and Dickson, M. “Agricultural Automatic Guidance Research in North America.” Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. Vol. 25, 2000, pp. 155-167.
[3]. Ms. Rutuja A. Yadav, Ms. Nayana V. Chavan, Ms. Monika B. Patil, Prof. V .A. Mane. Automated Solar Grass Cutter in International Journal of Scientific Development and Research(IJSDR). Vol.2, February 2017.
[4]. Bidgar Pravin Dilip, Nikhil Bapu Pagar, Vickey S. Ugale, Sandip Wani, Prof. Sharmila M. Design and Implementation of Automatic Solar Grass Cutter in International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical(IJARE). Vol.6, April 2017.
[5]. Ms. Bhagyashri R. Patil, Mr. Sagar S. Patil. Solar Based Grass Cutting in International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IJEEE). January-June 2017
[6]. Praful P. Ulhe, Manish D. Inwate, Fried D. Wankhede, Krushnkumar S. Dhakte, Modification of Solar Grass Cutting Machine, International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology, Vol. 2, 2016, 711-714.
[7]. T. Karthick, S. Lingadurai, K. Muthuselvan, M. Muthuvanesh, C. Pravin Tamilselvan, Grass Cutting Machine Using Solar Energy, International Journal of Research in Mechanical, Mechatronics and Automobile Engineering, Vol. 2, 2016, 1-5.
[8]. Tanimola, O. A. Diabana, P. D and Bankole, Y. O., Design and Development of Solar Powered Lawn Mower, International Journal of Science and Engineering Research, Vol. 5, 2014, 215-220.

Kousik Roy,Deep Chatterjee, Ankit Sadhu, Dharmendra Kumar Rana, Madhurima Nandy, Divya Suman, "A Novel Design of Automatic Grass Cutter Machine", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.128-131, 2019.

The dielectric properties of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) (SS) have been investigated in a wide range of frequency and temperatures. A strong dielectric dispersion is found to exist in low-frequency region. The frequency dependent dielectric properties of SS follow universal dynamic response. The measured dielectric data strongly depends on dielectric dispersion and controls the basic relaxation property. However, the parameters that control the dielectric properties such as coupling of ions are found to have frequency and temperature dependency.

XRD, Dielectric loss, Dielectric constant (real & imaginary part)

[1]. Sudhangshu Chakraborty, A Basu, S Haldar, “Journal of Ovonic Research”, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 29 – 33,2013,ISSN 1584-9953
[2]. Sudhangshu Chakraborty, A Basu, S Haldar, “Advanced Science Letters” Volume 22, Number 1, , pp. 21-25(5), January 2016 ISSN NO-1936-6612.
[3]. Sudhangshu Chakraborty, “Journal of Micromechanics and Molecular Physics” Vol. 2, No. 3 1750012 (10 pages), (2017) ISSN NO- 2424-9130, DOI: 10.1142/S2424913017500126.
[4]. Sudhangshu Chakraborty, “J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D.; DOI 10.1007/s40033-018-0162-7, page-1-4, ISSN 2250-2122,.
[5]. Sudhangshu Chakraborty, “Modern Physics Letters B; Vol. 32, No. 33 1850411 (9 pages), (2018) ISSN (print): 0217-9849 | ISSN (online): 1793-6640
[6]. A Prasad, A Basu & M K Mahatha, “Journal of Ovonic Research”Vol. 7, No. 3, , p. 61 – 66, May - June 2011
[7]. A Prasad, A Basu & M K Mahatha, “Journal of Ovonic Research” Vol. 7, No. “, March - April 2011, p. 101 – 106.

Sudhangshu Chakraborty, Kousik Roy, Md. Ayub Sheikh, "Dielectric Properties of Sodium Silicate-An Investigation Report", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.132-134, 2019.

From conservation law of energy not possible to create or to destroy the energy but we can transform or change one form into another. The main purpose of this paper is to put light on the characteristics of radio frequency based energy harvesting systems. In all the cases mentioned above that the devices or the appliances can be operated without the usage of cables battery panels connectors which can make these devices more mobile and portable while operation and charging as well. These all can be achieved by RF energy harvesting system and the main reason for this is that it is accordingly free energy. The sources of RF based energy harvesting system are increasing day by day same as mobile based transmitters from which more and more energy can bring in. This paper more importantly focuses on parameters to design the system, methods, different frequency ranges that can be utilized and the respective circuitry for converting Low voltage output to High voltage for various applications using RF based energy harvesting.

Wireless sensor network, RF energy, Harvesting

[1]. H. Yan, J.G. Macias Montero, A. Akhnoukh, L.C.N. de Vreede and J.N. Burghart.” An Integration Scheme for RF Power Harvesting. 8th Annual Workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors”, Veldhoven, the Netherlands, 2005.
[2]. P. Nintanavongsa, U. Muncuk, D. R. Lewis, and K. R. Chowdhury, “Design Optimization and Implementation for RF Energy Harvesting Circuits”. IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24-33, Mar. 2012.
[3]. C. Mikeka and H. Arai, “Design issues in radio frequency energy harvesting system,” Sustainable Energy Harvesting Technologies - Past, Present and Future, December 2011.
[4]. M. Al-Lawati, M. Al-Busaidi, and Z. Nadir, “RF energy harvesting system design for wireless sensors,” in Proc. of IEEE International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices (SSD), pp. 1-4, Chemnitz, German, March 2012.
[5]. K. M. Farinholt, G. Park, and C. R. Farrar, “RF energy transmission for a low-power wireless impedance sensor node,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 793-800, July 2009.
[6]. U. Olgun, C.-C. Chen, and J. L. Volakis, “Design of an efficient ambient WiFi energy harvesting system,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1200-1206, August 2012.
[7]. H. Jabbar, Y. S. Song, and T. T. Jeong, “RF energy harvesting system and circuits for charging of mobile devices,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 247-253, February 2010.
[8]. D. Y. Choi, “Comparative study of antenna designs for RF energy harvesting,” Hindawi International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, February 2013.
[9]. P. Nintanavongsa, U. Muncuk, D. R. Lewis, and K. R. Chowdhury, “Design optimization and implementation for RF energy harvesting circuits,” IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24-33, March 2012.
[10]. D. Masotti, A. Costanzo, and S. Adami, “Design and realization of a wearable multi-frequency RF energy harvesting system,” in Proc. of IEEE European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), pp. 517-520, Rome, Italy, April 2011.
[11]. P. Nintanavongsa, U. Muncuk, D. R. Lewis, and K. R. Chowdhury, “Design optimization and implementation for RF energy harvesting circuits,” IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24-33, March 2012.
[12]. S. Keyrouz, H. J. Visser, and A. G. Tijhuis, “Multi-band simultaneous radio frequency energy harvesting,” in Proc. of IEEE European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), pp. 3058-3061, Gothenburg, Sweden, April 2013.
[13]. Visser HJ,Vullers RJ.”RF energy harvesting and transport for wireless sensor network applications: principles and requirements”. Proc IEEE.2013 ; 101:1410–1423.
[14]. Shaikh FK, Zeadally S. Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A comprehensive review. Renew Sustain EnergyRev.2016;55:1041–1054.
[15]. Umeda, T., Yoshida, H., Sekine, S., Fujita, Y., Suzuki, T., & O taka, S. (2006).” A 950-MHz rectifier circuit for sensor network tags with 10-m distance”. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 41(1), 35–41.
[16]. Nakamoto, H., et al. (2006). A passive UHF RF identification CMOS tag IC using ferroelectric RAM in 0.35-lm technology. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 42(1), 101–110.
[17]. Le, T., Mayaram, K., & Fiez, T. (2008).” Efficient far-field radio frequency energy harvesting for passively powered sensor networks. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits”, 43(5), 1287–1302. 43. Papotto, G., Carrara, F., & Palmisano, G. (2011). A 90-nm CMOS threshold-compensated RF energy harvester. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 46(9), 1985–1997.
[18]. 44. Giannakas, G., Plessas, F., & Stamoulis, G. (2012). Pseudo-FG technique for efficient energy harvesting. Electronics Letters, 48(9), 522–523.Scorcioni, S., Larcher, L., & Bertacchini, A. (2013). “A reconfigurable differential CMOS RF energy scavenger with 60% peak efficiency and -21 dB m sensitivity”. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 23(3), 155–157.
[19]. Mansano, A., Bagga, S., & Serdijn, W. (2013). “A high efficiency orthogonally switching passive charge pump rectifier for energy harvesters”. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 60(7), 1959–1966.
[20]. Xia, L., Cheng, J., Glover, N. E., & Chiang, P. (2014). 0.56 V, -20 dB m RF-powered, multi-node wireless body area network system-on-a-chip with harvesting-efficiency tracking loop. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 49(6), 1345–1355.
[21]. Hameed Z., & Moez, K. (2015). A 3.2 V -15 dBm adaptive threshold-voltage compensated RF energy harvester in 130 nm CMOS. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 62(4), 948–956.
[22]. Wang X, Mortazawi A.” High sensitivity RF energy harvesting from AM broadcasting stations for civilian infrastructure degradation monitoring”. IEEE International Wireless Symposium (IWS); 2013Apr14–18;Beijing,China,IEEE.
[23]. Lee S-Y, Tsai T-M,LaiW-C,etal.A 925MHz 1.4 μW wireless energy-harvesting circuit with error correction ASK demodulation for RFID healthcare system. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems(ISCAS);2015 May 24–27;Lisbon,Portugal,IEEE.
[24]. Duong V-H, Hieu NX, Lee H-S, et al. A battery-assisted passive EPC Gen-2 RFID sensor tag IC with efficient battery power management and RF energy harvesting. IEEE Trans Ind Electron. 2016;63: 7112–7123.
[25]. Zaman M, Wong HY, Islam MS, et al. An integrated hybrid energy harvester for autonomous wireless sensor network nodes .Int J Photoenergy.2014;2014:1–8.
[26]. Wang X, Mortazawi A. High sensitivity RF energy harvesting from AM broadcasting stations for civilian infrastructure degradation monitoring .IEEE International Wireless Symposium(IWS);2013 Apr 14–18;Beijing,China,IEEE.
[27]. LiuH,LiX,VaddiR,etal. Tunnel FETRF rectifier design for energy harvesting applications. IEEEJ Emerg Sel Top Circuits Syst. 2014;4:400–411.
[28]. Martins GC, de Sousa FR. An RF-powered temperature sensor designed for biomedical applications. 26th Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI); 2013 Sept 2–6; Curitiba,Brazil,IEEE.
[29]. LeeS-Y,TsaiT-M,LaiW-C,etal.A925MHz1.4 μW wireless energy-harvesting circuit with error correction ASK demodulation for RFID healthcare system. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems(ISCAS); 2015 May 24–27;Lisbon,Portugal,IEEE.
[30]. RosaRL,ZoppiG,FinocchiaroA,etal.Anover-the-distancewirelessbatterychargerbasedonRF energy harvesting.14th International Conferenceon Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design(SMACD); 2017Jun 12–15;GiardiniNaxos,Italy, IEEE.
[31]. Duong V-H, Hieu NX, Lee H-S, et al. A battery-assisted passive EPC Gen-2 RFID sensor tag IC with efficient battery power management and RF energy harvesting. IEEE Trans Ind Electron. 2016;63:7112–7123.

Kousik Roy, Prabhakar Ranjan, Bhaskar Roy, A. Billaha, Bikash Mondal, Anu sinha, "A Case Study of RF Energy Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Network", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.135-139, 2019.

This paper describes the design and analysis of a novel dual band antenna (with a Rogers RT/Duroid 6202 laminate substrate having dielectric constant 4.4) for satellite communication. The antenna is being designed by taking the substrate height as 1.6 mm, the length of the patch as 27.5 mm and the width of the patch as 38 mm. The length and width for slot 1 and slot 2 were taken as 33 mm and 2.4 mm respectively. Similarly the length and width of slot 3 and slot 4 were considered as 11.4 mm and 1mm. We have considered the feed point location as (8.6, 8.6) from the origin. The simulation results of proposed antenna are achieved with the help of IE3D zeland software (V-12.0) using transmission line and cavity models. The results are analyzed in terms of current distribution, elevation pattern, return loss and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). This antenna finds C band (4 GHz to 8 GHz) and X band (8 to 12 GHz) applications where it can be effectively used for satellite communication.

Dual band antenna, Wireless communication, S and C band, IE3D

[1]. Kraus, J.D., Antennas for All Applications, 3rd Ed., McGraw Hill Inc., New York.
[2]. Yang, F., Zhang, X. X., Ye, X., Rahmat-Samii, Y., Wide-Band E Shaped Patch Antennas for Wireless Communications, In: IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, vol. 49 (2001)
[3]. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2005)
[4]. Zeland Software Inc. IE3D: MoM-Based EM Simulator. Web: http://www.zeland.com
[5]. Kim, B: Novel Single-Feed Circular Microstrip Antenna with Reconfigurable Polarization Capability, IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation, vol. 56 (2008)
[6]. Yang, W., Zhou, J., A Single Layer Wideband Low Profile Tooth-like-slot Microstrip Patch Antenna Fed by Inset Microstrip Line, International workshop on antenna technology (IWAT), pp. 23--26, (2013)
[7]. Jayanthy, T., Sugadev, M., Ismaeel, J. M., Jegan, G: Design and Simulation of Microstrip M- Patch Antenna with Double Layer, IEEE Trans., (2008)
[8]. Pal, S., Roy, K., Nag, A. Tiwary, A. K.: A Typical Compressed Wide Band and High Gain Microstrip Patch Antenna for GSM Applications. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2347-6710, vol. 3 (Spl 6), pp. 37--40, (2014)
[9]. Roy, K., Nag, A. Chaudhuri, D., Bose, S.: A Novel Dual Band Antenna for C and X band Satellite Communication. International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Signals, Communication and Optimization. ISBN: 978-1-4799-7676-8: 978-1-4799-7678-2/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE pp. 953--955, (2015)
[10]. Roy, K., Chaudhuri, D., Bose, S., Nag, A: A Novel Dual Band Antenna for Radar Application. Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computing Networking and Informatics, Vol. 2: ISBN: 978-81-322-2528-7. DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2529-4. Vol. 44, Springer India, pp. 643--650 (2015)
[11]. Roy, K., Nag, A., Pal, S., Tiwari, A., Sinha, A.: Analysis of E-shapped geometry Microstrip Antenna. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, vol. 4 (Spl 9), pp. 170--173 (2015)

K. Roy, S. Pal, Anu Sinha, B. Roy, M.A. Billaha, B. Mondal, S. Chakraborty, P. Ranjan, "Dual Band Antenna for satellite Communication", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.140-143, 2019.

Internet of Things (IOT) based mind-controlled bot is a software-hardware interface that deals with the interconnection between the hardware and the software. In this work, the hardware components are Arduino, Node Mcu etc. The software interfaces are the NI Instruments LabVIEW, html, and many others. Iot based mind-controlled bot is a total amalgamation of hardware and software. The Electroencephalograph (EEG) signals are sent to the LabVIEW software with the help of Neurosky (mind wave gear) by the Bluetooth Module HC 05. Firstly, EEG signals are differentiated into three types- concentration, meditation and attention. Secondly, it can be further differentiated into alpha, beta and delta signals in order to get more precise values. Since, the Arduino cannot take low values the signals are amplified in the LabVIEW software. From this software, the signals are sent to the Node Mcu which is basically connected to the bot. Here, the concentration has been used in order to pick and drop an object. A web page is also created in the IOT platform with the help of LabVIEW software where four buttons are created to move the total bot. This mechanism which can be used for picking and dropping of an object as an arm using neuro-signal can be very useful for any disabled person as it is acting as an artificial hand.

Arduino, Artificial hand, internet of things, NI LabVIEW, Neurosky

[1] “Efficient Approach for Designing Gesture Controlled Robotic Arm”, Shivani, Shagun Gaur, Paresh Khaneja, Rashmi Sharma, Simranpreet Kaur, Mehakpreet Kaur, International Journal of Control and Automation, Vol. 8, No. 6 (2015), pp. 55-64, ISSN: 2005-4297 IJCA.
[2] “AUTOMATION OF OBJECT SORTING SYSTEM USING PICK & PLACE ROBOTIC ARM & IMAGE PROCESSING”, VISHNU R. KALE, 2V. A. KULKARNI, Proceedings of 3rd IRAJ International Conference, 5th January 2014, Mumbai, India. ISBN: 978-93-82702-51-1.
[3] “DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SYNCHRONIZED ROBOTIC ARM”, Goldy Katal, Saahil Gupta, Shitij Kakkar, IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308, Volume: 02 Issue: 08 | Aug-2013.
[4] “Efficient Approach for Designing Gesture Controlled Robotic Arm”, Shivani, Shagun Gaur, Paresh Khaneja, Rashmi Sharma, Simranpreet Kaur, Mehakpreet Kaur, International Journal of Control and Automation, Vol. 8, No. 6 (2015), pp. 55-64, ISSN: 2005-4297 IJCA.
[5] “AUTOMATION OF OBJECT SORTING SYSTEM USING PICK & PLACE ROBOTIC ARM & IMAGE PROCESSING”, VISHNU R. KALE, 2V. A. KULKARNI, Proceedings of 3rd IRAJ International Conference, 5th January 2014, Mumbai, India. ISBN: 978-93-82702-51-1.
[6] “DESIGN AND OPERATION OF SYNCHRONIZED ROBOTIC ARM”, Goldy Katal, Saahil Gupta, Shitij Kakkar, IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308, Volume: 02 Issue: 08 | Aug-2013.
[7] “Archetype Infrared Detection and Ranging System”, S. Sheraz Mohani, Mir Asif, M. Waseem, Asad Latif, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887), Volume 105 – No. 18, November 2014.
[8] “Automation of Object Sorting System Using Pick & Place Robotic Arm & Image Processing”, Swarnendu Sarkar, K. Yadaiah and ISSN No: 2348-4845, International Journal & Magazine of Engineering, Technology, Management and Research, A Peer Reviewed Open Access International Journal, Volume No: 2 (2015), Issue No: 8 (August) August 2015.
[9] “Design and Implementation of A Robotic Arm Based On Haptic Technology”, A. Rama Krishna, G. Sowmya Bala, A.S.C.S. Sastry, B. Bhanu Prakash Sarma, Gokul Sai Alla, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 2, Issue 3, May-Jun 2012, pp.3098-3103.
[10] “OBJECT SORTING SYSTEM USING ROBOTIC ARM”, Vishnu R. Kale, V. A. Kulkarni, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 7, July 2013, ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875, ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765.
[11] “Object recognition with a smart low-cost active infrared sensor array”, Heinrich Ruser, 1st International Conference on Sensing Technology, November 21-23, 2005 Palmerstone North, New Zealand.
[12] “Robotic Hand in Motion Using Arduino-Controlled Servos”, Nicholas Bonini, Nithya Iyer, David Kim, Katherine Mathison.
[13] Lauren Wellons, New Jersey Governor’s School of Engineering and Technology 2014.
[14] “Gesture Controlled Robot using Arduino and Android”, Premangshu Chanda, Pallab Kanti Mukherjee, Subrata Modak, Asoke Nath, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Research Paper, Volume 6, Issue 6, June 2016 ISSN: 2277 128X.
[15] Arduino Programming Book, Brian W. Evans.
[16]. NI Mutisim Tutorial.

D. Sur, S. Roy, A. Basak, S. Mitra, A. Paul, S. Nayna, A. Chakraborty, "IOT Based Mind Controlled BOT", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.144-146, 2019.

“Prevention is better than cure”. This statement goes perfect with the events whose probability of occurrence is highly possible. Earthquake is one of such disaster that comes as an evil fate and sweeps away precious human lives and civilization, it is that unpredictable phenomenon whose occurrence cannot be avoided, but at least we can take measures to minimize the adverse effect of its consequences. The main objective of this research paper is to design a circuit which will acts as an earthquake indicator and prevents further damage. Arduino microcontroller and a highly-sensitive ADXL335 accelerometer are used to accomplish the circuit.

Earthquake, Microcontroller, ADXL335 accelerometer

[1] Padma Nyoman Crisnapati ; Putu Desiana Wulaning ; I Nyoman Rudy Hendrawan ; Anak Agung Ketut Bagus Bandanagara “Earthquake Damage Intensity Scaling System based on Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno”,6th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM),Year: 2018,Pages: 1 – 4,IEEE Conferences
[2] Kevin I-Kai Wang ; Zoran Salcic ; Mathew R. Wilson ; Karl M. Brook,“Miniaturized wireless sensor node for earthquake monitoring applications”,7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES`12),Year: 2012,Page s: 323 – 326,Cited by: Papers (6),IEEE Conferences
[3] Jayalakshmi M Nair ; Sureshchandra J Gupta ; Mily Jashank, “PreAnalysis of extremely low frequency magnetic signals to predict earthquakes”, 2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON),Year: 2014,Pages: 1 – 5,IEEE Conferences
[4] Ciascai Ioan ; Pop Septimiu, “Use the imagine sensor to detect the buildingvibration”,Year:2008,Page s: 294 – 297,IEEE Conferences
[5] Rahinul Hoque ; Shoaib Hassan ; MD. Akter Sadaf ; Asadullahil Galib ; Tahia Fahrin Karim “Earthquake monitoring and warning system”,2015,Pages: 109 – 112,IEEE Conferences
[6] Emir Husni ; Folkes Laumal,“TheDevelopment of an Earthquake Early Warning System Using an ADXL335 Accelerometer”, 21st Saudi Computer Society National Computer Conference (NCC),Year: 2018,Page s: 1 – 5,IEEE Conferences
[7] 2018 6th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) “Earthquake Damage Intensity Scaling System based on Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno”,Year: 2018,Pages: 1 – 4, IEEE Conferences

Siddharth Das, Sumanta Chatterjee, Apurba Paul, "Microcontroller based Earthquake indicator and measurement system", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.147-150, 2019.

In this paper, an intelligent low cost wheelchair system is being developed which not only ponder on the mobility of the physically disabled persons, but also to change their daily life. By using this system they can control their home appliances by sitting in the wheelchair without any external remote control. A prototype mobile robot have been designed which is equipped with accelerometer, micro-electro-mechanical based sensor. To solve the problem of safe navigation an assistive obstacle avoidance method based on ultrasonic sensor has been incorporated. Additionally, dual tone multi-frequency signaling used for operating the wheelchair via mobile phone. For implementing hand gesture recognition for the physically challenged people this is a simple but efficient method. Using these gestures, it is possible to control the wheelchair in an efficient way. Besides controlling by a computer, which is a difficult task here all the methods used in this proposed system for controlling the wheelchair are natural and convenient by involving of micro-electromechanical sensors, micro-controllers and the wheelchair for the prototype. Based on the data from either the accelerometer, DTMF or the ultrasonic sensors, the movements of the wheelchair are controlled and this system will be highly efficient as compared to the other conventional methods as because it is not only controls the movement of a wheelchair but also detects the barrier coming in its path and take necessary action to overcome it.

Wheelchair, Accelerometer, Ultrasonic Sensor, RF Data Transmission, Microcontroller

[1] M.Fernandez-Carmona, J.M.Fernandez-Espejo, B.Peula, C.Urdiales and F.Sandoval, “Efficiency based collaborative control modulated by biometrics for wheelchair assisted navigation”, In IEEE 11th Int. conf. Rehabil. Robot., Japan, pp. 737-742, 2009.
[2] Y.Ren,W.Zou, H.Fan,A.Ye, K.Yuan and Y.Ma “ A docking control method in narrow space for intelligent wheelchair”, In 2012 IEEE Int. conf. Mechatronics and Auto., China, pp. 1615-1620,2012.
[3] A.V.Nguyen, L.B.Nguyen, S.Su and H.T.Nguyen , “The advance-ment of an obstacle avoidance bayesian neural network for an intell wheelchair”,35th Annu. Int. conf. IEEE Eng. in Medicine and Biology Soc., Japan, pp. 3642-3645 ,2013.
[4] E.Takano, Y.Kobayashi, and Y.Kuno, “Multiple robotic wheelchair system based on the observation of circumstance”, 18th Korea-Japan Joint Workshop Frontiers of Comput. Vision, pp. 222-226,2012.
[5] J.S.Nguyen, S.W.Su, and H.T.Nguyen., “Experimental study on a smart wheelchair system using a combination of stereoscopic and spherical vision”, 35th Annu. Int. conf. IEEE Eng. in Medicine and Biology Soc., Japan, pp. 4597–4600, Jul. 2013.
[6] T.Rofer, C.Mandel, and T.Laue. , “Controlling an automated wheelchair via joystick/head-joystick supported by smart driving assistance”, In 2009 IEEE Int. Conf. Rehabil. Robot., Japan, pp. 743-748, 2009.
[7] T.Felzer, B.Strah, R.Nordmann, and S.Miglietta., “Alternative wheelchair control involving intentional muscle contractions”, Int. J. Artificial Intell. Tools, vol. 18, No. 3, pp.439-465, 2009.
[8] S.Yokota, H.Hashimoto, D.Chugo, and J.She Y Ohyama., “Absorption of ambiguous human motion on human body motion interface”, IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron., pp. 853-858, 2011.
[9] R.Blatt, S.Ceriani, B.D.Seno, Fontana, Giulio., M.Matteuci, and D.Migliore, “Brain control of a smart wheelchair”, Intell. Auton. Syst., vol. 10, pp. 221–228, 2008.
[10] T.Carlson and J.Millan,“Brain controlled wheelchairs: A robotic architecture”, IEEE Robot. and Auto. Mag., vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 65–73, 2013.
[11] V.Gandhi, G.Prasad, D.Coyle, L.Behera, and T.McGinnity, “EEG-based mobile robot control through an adaptive brain-robot interface”,IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, and Cybern.: Syst., vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 1278–1285, 2014.
[12] A.Milenkovi, M.Mladen and E.Jovanov, “Smartphones for smart wheelchairs”, In IEEE Int. conf. Body Sensor Netw., USA pp. 1–6, 2013.
[13] M. Bailey, A. Chanler, B. Maxwell, M. Micire, K. Tsui, and H. Yanco, “Development of vision-based navigation for a robotic wheelchair”, In IEEE 10th Int. conf. Rehabil. Robot., Netherlands, pp. 951–957, Jun. 2007.
[14] N. Kawarazaki, D. Stefanov, B. Diaz, and A. Israel, “Toward gesture controlled wheelchair: A proof of concept study”, In IEEE Int. conf. Rehabil. Robot., USA, pp. 1–6, 2013.
[15] L. Rivera, and G. DeSouza, “Control of a wheelchair using an adaptive k-means clustering of head poses”, In IEEE Symp. Comput. Intell. in Rehabil. and Assistive Technol, Singapore, pp. 24–31, 2013

Aditi Shriya, A. Billaha, B. Roy, B. Mondal, K. Roy, "Design Methodology of a Sensor Based Robotic Wheelchair For Physically Disabled Community", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.151-156, 2019.

Men made atmospheric exposure of Electromagnetic radiations (EMR) are now increasing almost exponentially in the last few decades. With rapid development in the field of communication, the mobile base station antenna and its associated health hazards are now led to growth of public concern for human exposure to Electromagnetic field (EMF) and its various health effects. The Electromagnetic Pollution (EMP) levels are now reaching alarming proportion for the whole biological system. The present study were aim to investigate the variation in the electromagnetic radiation exposure level from mobile base station antenna to its vicinity in terms of power density and electric field. Measurement was carried out with the help of three axis electromagnetic field strength meter. Three different cases were considered. The EM radiation exposure level from mobile Base Transceiver Station (BTS) was measured at a distance of 10m, 15m and 20m for the first, second and third cases respectively at different co-ordinate positions. Results are tabulated in terms of Power Density (PD) and Electric field. It has been observed that the electromagnetic radiation exposure level from mobile BTS varies with distance from BTS tower at different co-ordinate position. However the measured values of Power Density and electric field were well below the maximum permissible exposure level set by the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) authority. The outcome of our study reveals that the EM radiation exposure level from BTS varies with distance and reached to its optimum value at a particular region (most sensitive zone) thereafter again the radiation level decrease gradually with distance from BTS at different co-ordinate positions.

Base Transceiver Station, Electromagnetic radiation, Power density, Electric field, Health Consequences

[1] T. G. Coope, s. G. Allen1, R. P. Blackwell, I. Litch, S. M. Mann, J. M. Pope and M. J. A. Van tongeren,“Assessment of occupational exposure to Radiofrequency fields and radiation,”Radiation protection dosimetry (2004), Advance access publication,July 2004,Vol.111, No.2, pp.191-203.
[2] Leen Verloock,Wout Joseph,Francis Goeminne, Luc Martens,Mart Verlaek and Kim Constandt “Assessment of radio frequency exposures in schools, homes, and public places in Belgium ,” Health Physics,Vol.107,No.6, December2014.
[3] Wout Joseph, PatriziaFrei , MartinRoosli , Gyorgy Thuroczy , Peter Gajsek, Tomaz Trcek, John Bolte, Gunter Vermeeren , Evelyn Mohler, Peter Juha sz , ViktoriaFinta , LucMartens , “Comparison of personal radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in different urban areas across Europe”, Environmental Research, Vol.110, pp.658-663, 2010.
[4] Enver Hamiti, Mimoza Ibrani, Luan Ahma, Vlerar Shala, and Rreze Halili,“Comparative Analysis of Electromagnetic Field Exposure Levels and Determination of the Minimum Safe Distances from Mobile-Phone Base Stations in Urban Areas,” Progress in Electromagnetic Research M,Vol.2, pp.231-238, 2014.
[5] Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam. “Awareness and Self-Reported Health Hazards of Electromagnetic Waves from Mobile Phone Towers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Pilot Study,” Advances in Public Health, Volume 2014, Article ID 952832, 7 pages.
[6] Richa Chitranshi, Dr. Rakesh Kumar Mehrotra, Prakash Pancoli, “ Analysis of cell tower radiation ,RF safety,and practical realisation of compliance distance”,International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol.4, Issue.4,April2014.
[7] Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei, Mojtaba Karbalae, Habib allah Moradi, and Milad Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi,“Health effects of living near mobile phone base transceiver station (BTS) antennae: a report from Isfahan, Iran”,Electromagn Biol Med,Vol.33(3), pp.206-210,2014.
[8] Osman Erogul, Emin Oztas, Ibrahim Yildirim, Tayfun Kir, Emin Aydur, Gokhan Komesli,Hasan Cem Irkilata,Mehmet Kemal Irmak, and Ahmet Fuat Peker,“Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation from a Cellular Phone on Human Sperm Motility: An In Vitro Study,” Archives of Medical Research,37(2006) 840e843.
[9] Wout Joseph,Gunter Vermeeren, Leen Verloock, and Luc Martens,“Estimation of Whole-Body SAR From Electromagnetic Fields Using Personal Exposure Meters”,Bioelectromagnetics, Vol.32pp.286-295, 2010.
[10] Wout Joseph and Luc Martens,“Comparison of Safety Distances Based on the Electromagnetic Field and Based on the SAR For Occupational Exposure of a 900-mhz Base Station Antenna,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic compatibility, Vol.47, No.4, Nov. 2005.

Jyotirmay Tewary, Pratik Dey, Amitesh Das, Kousik Roy, Susanta Kumar Parui, "Variation in the Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure Level from Cellular Mobile Base Station Antennas to its Vicinity- A Study", International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Vol.07, Issue.18, pp.157-160, 2019.